Bulletin of Botanical Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 636-647.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.04.015
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													Yan SHEN1, Xiaoyu TANG2, Xiujun TANG3, Lilin LUO1, Zhenxing HUANG1, Man LIU1(
)
												  
						
						
						
					
				
Received:2024-12-24
															
							
															
							
															
							
																	Online:2025-07-20
															
							
																	Published:2025-07-25
															
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								Man LIU   
																	E-mail:freemyself516@hotmail.com
																					CLC Number:
Yan SHEN, Xiaoyu TANG, Xiujun TANG, Lilin LUO, Zhenxing HUANG, Man LIU. Rhythms of Nectar Secretion, Morphological Characteristics of Developmental Floral Nectary in Rubus setchuenensis[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(4): 636-647.
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URL: https://bbr.nefu.edu.cn/EN/10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.04.015
Table 1
Nectar volume secreted monthly by a single flower of R. setchuenensis during flowering period
时段 Period  | 单朵花泌蜜量 Nectar volume /μL  | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6月 June  | 7月 July  | 8月 August  | 9月 September  | 10月 October  | 11月 November  | ||
第1天 On the first day  | 08:00—09:00 | 13.02±1.07Ab | 14.00±1.01Aa | 13.20±1.15Ab | 13.16±0.87Ab | 8.22±0.95Ac | 8.00±0.86Ad | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 8.00±0.75Bc | 7.05±0.80Be | 11.31±1.08Bb | 12.20±1.06Ba | 7.84±0.80Bc | 7.33±1.20Bd | |
| 17:00—18:00 | 6.45±0.78Ca | 5.66±0.53Cb | 6.42±0.59Ca | 4.71±0.79Cd | 5.17±0.62Cc | 4.36±0.75Ce | |
第1天合计 Total on the first day  | 27.47±0.41 | 26.71±0.21 | 30.93±0.17 | 30.07±0.46 | 21.23±0.80 | 19.69±0.79 | |
第2天 On the second day  | 08:00—09:00 | 4.01±0.46Db | 4.46±0.68Da | 3.18±0.43De | 3.36±0.48Dd | 3.41±0.76Dd | 3.54±0.62Dc | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 0.24±0.11Ec | 0.21±0.08Ec | 0.20±0.07Ec | 0.21±0.06Ec | 2.36±0.37Eb | 2.89±0.39Ea | |
| 17:00—18:00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
第2天合计 Total on the second day  | 4.25±0.25 | 4.67±0.61 | 3.38±0.47 | 3.57±0.61 | 5.77±0.36 | 6.43±0.56 | |
总合计 Total  | 31.72±1.52c | 31.38±1.66c | 34.32±1.85a | 33.63±1.52b | 27.00±1.72d | 26.12±2.28e | |
Table 2
Sugar mass of nectar secreted monthly by a single flower of R. setchuenensis during flowering period
时段 Period  | 单朵花花蜜含糖量 Nectar sugar mass/mg  | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6月 June  | 7月 July  | 8月 August  | 9月 September  | 10月 October  | 11月 November  | ||
第1天 On the first day  | 08:00—09:00 | 3.40±0.33Ab | 3.83±0.36Aa | 3.23±0.31Bc | 3.03±0.19Bd | 1.47±0.20Be | 1.12±0.17Bf | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 2.49±0.23Bc | 2.35±0.29Bd | 3.71±0.35Ab | 3.83±0.28Aa | 1.92±0.25Ae | 1.30±0.22Af | |
| 17:00—18:00 | 1.84±0.25Ca | 1.65±0.18Cb | 1.67±0.19Cb | 1.14±0.20Cc | 0.86±0.11Cd | 0.70±0.13Ce | |
第1天合计 Total on the first day  | 7.73±0.26 | 7.83±0.30 | 8.61±0.32 | 8.00±0.23 | 4.25±0.19 | 3.02±0.19 | |
第2天 On the second day  | 08:00—09:00 | 0.59±0.08Db | 0.72±0.12Da | 0.45±0.07Dc | 0.41±0.06Dd | 0.42±0.11Dd | 0.39±0.08De | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 0.02±0.01Eb | 0.02±0.01Eb | 0.02±0.01Ec | 0.02±0.01Ec | 0.15±0.03Ea | 0.15±0.02Ea | |
| 17:00—18:00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
第2天合计 Total on the second day  | 0.61±0.05 | 0.74±0.08 | 0.47±0.04 | 0.43±0.05 | 0.57±0.08 | 0.54±0.05 | |
总合计 Total  | 8.34±0.45d | 8.57±0.51b | 9.08±0.57a | 8.43±0.38c | 4.83±0.39e | 3.56±0.39f | |
Table 3
Temperature and relative air humidity at the sampling site during nectar secretion monitoring
时段 Period  | 温度 Temperature/℃  | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6月 June  | 7月 July  | 8月 August  | 9月 September  | 10月 October  | 11月 November  | ||
第1天 On the first day  | 08:00—09:00 | 24.5±0.5ab | 25.8±0.8a | 25.0±0.5ab | 22.8±0.8b | 19.0±3.0c | 11.7±1.5d | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 33.5±0.5a | 35.0±1.0a | 31.0±1.0b | 30.2±0.8b | 25.7±2.1c | 18.0±2.0d | |
| 17:00—18:00 | 25.8±0.8ab | 27.2±1.0a | 25.2±0.8ab | 23.8±0.8b | 19.3±1.5c | 10.7±2.1d | |
第2天 On the second day  | 08:00—09:00 | 23.0±1.0ab | 25.2±1.0a | 23.8±0.8ab | 22.0±1.0b | 18.0±2.0c | 10.3±1.5d | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 33.0±1.0a | 32.0±1.0a | 30.8±0.8ab | 29.2±0.8b | 26.7±2.1c | 17.7±1.5d | |
时段 Period  | 湿度 Humidity/%  | ||||||
6月 June  | 7月 July  | 8月 August  | 9月 September  | 10月 October  | 11月 November  | ||
第1天 On the first day  | 08:00—09:00 | 76.5±1.8d | 69.2±1.3e | 80.8±1.0c | 82.3±1.0c | 85.8±0.7b | 90.5±1.4a | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 65.2±1.3d | 56.2±1.0e | 69.2±0.4c | 70.6±1.2c | 78.6±0.8b | 81.3±1.2a | |
| 17:00—18:00 | 75.2±1.1e | 68.4±1.4f | 78.4±0.9d | 80.8±0.8c | 84.4±1.2b | 88.5±1.1a | |
第2天 On the second day  | 08:00—09:00 | 78.6±0.6d | 74.6±1.4e | 79.2±0.4d | 81.4±1.3c | 89.6±1.1b | 91.9±0.9a | 
| 13:00—14:00 | 68.4±1.2e | 55.9±1.9f | 68.5±0.8d | 71.4±0.9c | 76.6±1.2b | 82.4±1.4a | |
Fig.2
Position and structure of floral nectary of R.setchuenensisA. Floral nectary of R. setchuenensis at full blooming stage(the tissue in box was the electron microscope shooting site of nectary epidermis); B. Longitudinal cutting of floral nectary at the young bud stage(PAS); C. Longitudinal cutting of floral nectary at the flower bud stage (PAS); D,E. Local enlarged map in longitudinal section B of nectary in young bud stage of R. setchuenensis. N. Nectary; Sta. Stamen; Ca. Calyx; Pe. Petal; O. Ovary.
														Table 4
Nectary size of R. setchuenensis at different flowering stages
时期 stage  | 花蜜腺厚度 Thickness of floral nectary/μm  | 花蜜腺长度(纵切) Length of floral nectary (longitudinal cutting)/μm  | 
|---|---|---|
幼蕾期 Young bud stage  | 130.98±24.21e | 650.77±114.73b | 
花蕾期 Flower bud stage  | 555.75±10.70b | 2 545.40±100.66a | 
初花期 Initial flowering stage  | 653.43±45.24a | 2 563.06±17.57a | 
盛花期 Full blooming stage  | 290.14±24.54d | 2 613.26±58.72a | 
散粉后期 Post anthesis stage  | 478.32±54.29c | 2 755.94±219.51a | 
Table 5
Stomatal traits of nectary epidermis of R. setchuenensis at different flowering stages
时期 stage  | 气孔长度 Length of stomata/μm  | 气孔宽度 Width of stomata/μm  | 气孔面积 Surface area of stomata/μm2  | 气孔开口面积 Stomatal aperture area/μm2  | 气孔复合体最大直径 Maximum diameter of stomatal complex/μm  | 气孔复合体最小直径 Minimum diameter of stomatal complex/μm  | 气孔密度 Stomatal density/ (个·mm-2)  | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
幼蕾期 Young bud stage  | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 
花蕾期 Flower bud stage  | 6.83±1.17a | 4.96±1.34ab | 32.36±11.99a | 3.48±2.98b | 11.19±2.27a | 9.31±2.38ab | 141.00±14.73c | 
初花期 Initial flowering stage  | 7.86±1.40a | 5.85±0.80a | 37.40±8.86a | 9.19±3.28a | 12.41±2.72a | 10.77±1.97a | 174.33±23.76c | 
盛花期 Full blooming stage  | 6.80±0.87a | 5.46±0.73ab | 35.78±7.09a | 7.52±3.08a | 10.64±2.02a | 8.14±1.79b | 258.33±19.60b | 
散粉后期 Post anthesis stage  | 6.70±1.44a | 4.60±0.64b | 26.53±7.04a | 2.19±1.22b | 10.31±2.85a | 8.34±0.92b | 301.67±10.50a | 
Fig.4
Morphological charateristics of floral nectary of R. setchuenensis at different flowering stagesA. Young bud stage; B、F. Flower bud stage; C. Initial flowering stage; D. Full blooming stage; E. Post anthesis stage(A-F were saffron solid green staining). Ep. Epidermis; Vb. Vascular bundle; N. Nectary.
														Table 6
Anatomical structure parameters of floral nectary of R. setchuenensis at different flowering stages
时期 Stage  | 表皮细胞宽度 Width of nectary epidermis cells/μm  | 表皮细胞厚度 Thickness of nectary epidermis cells/μm  | 薄壁细胞层数 Number of nectary parench- yma layers  | 薄壁细胞层厚度 Thickness of nectary parench- yma layer/μm  | 薄壁细胞直径 Diameter of nectary parench- yma cells/μm  | 下薄壁细胞层数 Number of subnectary paren- chyma layers  | 下薄壁细胞层厚度 Thickness of subnectary paren- chyma layer/μm  | 下薄壁细胞直径 Diameter of the subnectary paren- chyma cells/μm  | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
幼蕾期 Young bud stage  | 22.60±2.89a | 15.21±3.22c | 6.00±1.00b | 87.83±12.23e | 13.39±3.83c | 11.00±2.19a | 502.00±108.43b | 69.91±21.38ab | 
花蕾期 Flower bud stage  | 23.82±5.27a | 18.48±0.86ab | 14.67±1.53a | 572.49±20.68b | 37.72±15.34a | 8.60±0.89b | 786.41±110.60a | 50.01±6.83c | 
初花期 Initial flowering stage  | 28.00±4.00a | 20.88±2.49a | 15.00±1.00a | 629.88±46.59a | 37.52±8.53a | 8.60±0.89b | 438.80±55.35b | 78.61±17.99a | 
盛花期 Full blooming stage  | 28.77±8.50a | 19.86±3.61ab | 15.00±1.00a | 274.42±22.54d | 25.35±7.44b | 8.67±0.82b | 506.17±98.14b | 58.67±15.99bc | 
散粉后期 Post anthesis stage  | 28.90±7.27a | 17.35±1.59bc | 14.67±1.53a | 458.48±42.14c | 40.91±11.29a | 8.67±0.82b | 400.73±59.43b | 58.62±22.19bc | 
Fig.5
Intracellular starch granule dynamics of floral nectary of R. setchuenensis at different flowering stagesA. Young bud stage; B. Flower bud stage; C-D. Initial flowering stage; E. Full blooming stage; F. Post anthesis stage (A-F were PAS staining). Ep, Epidermis; Vb. Vascular bundle; N. Nectary; St. Stomata; Sh. Starch granule.
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