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Comparative Study on Staining Methods and Techniques of Cell Wall Histochemistry ZHANG Xia, HU Lu-Jie, ZHOU Cun-Yu, YANG Chao-Dong Bulletin of Botanical Research    2017, 37 (1): 147-154.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2017.01.019 Abstract （3251）      PDF（pc） （1604KB）（15148）       Knowledge map    Save We carried out the comparative studies on several methods and techniques for cell wall histochemistry under light and epifluorescence microscope. The results showed that:(1) To study Casparian bands using staining methods of sulphuric acid digestion and berberine hemisulfate-aniline, the requirements of material collecting time and part were high, therefore, it was recommended to use the two methods to mutual confirmation; (2) To study suberin lamellae using Sudan red 7B staining, and none staining and berberine hemisulfate-aniline blue staining under blue excited, none staining was more sensitive than Sudan red 7B, but Sudan red 7B staining is convenient under light microscope; (3) To study lignified walls, berberine hemisulfate-aniline staining was more sensitive than phloroglucinol-HCl; (4) Using TBO fast wall staining to replace Sudan Ⅲ/Ⅳ conventional staining, the wall borders and layers were clearer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Notes on the genus Pilea(Urticaceae) of China WANG Wen-Tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (4): 484-490.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.04.002 Abstract （6008）      PDF（pc） （889KB）（11639）       Knowledge map    Save In the present paper, two species of the genus Pilea(Urticaceae) are described as new, two new combinations for the two subspecies of Pilea gracilis are made, supplementary descriptions for P.shizongensis and P.racemiformis are given, and new distribution records for P.shizongensis, P.lomatogramma, P.racemiformis and P.peltata var. ovatifolia are provided. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE AQUIFOLIACEAE OF CHINA Tseng Chang-jiang Bulletin of Botanical Research    1981, 1 (1-2): 1-44.   Abstract （1510）      PDF（pc） （4009KB）（10737）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Seven New Species of the Genus Delphinium(Ranunculaceae) from Xizang Autonomous Region WANG Wen-Tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    2018, 38 (6): 809-819.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2018.06.003 Abstract （5582）      PDF（pc） （1471KB）（10491）       Knowledge map    Save Seven species of the genus Delphinium (Ranunculaceae), D.longziense, D.xanthanthum, D.viridiovarium, D.dicentrum, D.zhanangense, D.latilimbum and D.lagarolobum are described as new from south-eastern Xizang Autonomous Region. The diagnostic differences between them and their allies are given respectively. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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One New Section and Three new species of Elatostema (Urticaceae) from Chongqing WANG Wen-Tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    2018, 38 (6): 804-808.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2018.06.002 Abstract （5147）      PDF（pc） （692KB）（8028）       Knowledge map    Save One section and three species of the genus Elatostema (Urticaceae) are described as new from the Simian mountain, Jiangjin district, Chongqing city:(1) Sect. Gynosciadion with one species, Elatostema femineocymosum, is chracterized by its numerous pistillate flowers in a 3-4 times branched cyme, lacking a receptacle with an involucre, and by these charactes can be distinguished from all other sctions of the genus Elatostema; (2) E.gyronanophyllum is closely related to E.sinense H. Schröter, differing from the latter in its smaller leaves with fewer secondary nerves, orbicular or suborbicular reduced leaves, pistillate involucre with 12 triangular bracts, pistillate flower with 2 tepals, and the depressed-globose stigma; (3) E.zhengyuanum is closely related to E.simianshanicum W.T.Wang, differing from the latter in its glabrous, sometimes vegetative stems, larger leaf blades, cystoliths and stipules, and oblanceolate-oblong bracts of staminate involucre not carinate abaxially. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Chloroplast Genome Characteristics of 6 Species of Yucca Fei WANG, Wenzhi ZHAO, Zhanghong DONG, Luyao MA, Weiying LI, Zongyan LI, Peiyao XIN Bulletin of Botanical Research    2023, 43 (1): 109-119.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.01.012 Abstract （4351）   HTML （50）    PDF（pc） （5663KB）（7074）       Knowledge map    Save In order to clarify the characteristics and sequences variation of the chloroplast genome of Yucca， a comparative genomics of the chloroplasts was performed， and a phylogenetic tree based on the chloroplast genome was constructed. The chloroplast genome of Y. treculeana was obtained by high-throughput sequencing technology， and combined with the published chloroplast genome of Yucca， the chloroplast genomes of six species of Yucca were studied by comparative genomics， including basic structure， SSR， boundary contraction and expansion， sequence variation and phylogenetic analysis respectively. The results showed that the chloroplast genome size， gene type and number of the six Yucca species were similar， and the interspecific genome structure was conserved. Several repeated sequences were detected in the chloroplast genome of Yucca， among which SSR loci were mostly composed of mononucleotide， dinucleotide and tetranucleotide， and preferred A and T bases. Three regions with high variation（psbK-psbl-trnS-GCU， rpl20-rps12 and ccsA-ndhD） were identified from the chloroplast genomes of six Yucca species according to the nucleic acid polymorphism index（π）≥0.008. The phylogenetic relationships constructed from the chloroplast genome and LSC+SSC region sequences were basically consistent， and the phylogenetic relationships among six Yucca species were confirmed， among which Y. treculeana and Y. queretaroensis were most closely related. The sequencing obtained Y. treculeana chloroplast genome， revealed the genome characteristics and sequence variation of six Yucca species， and clarified the relatedness among various species. The results could provide reference for subsequent molecular marker development and phylogenetic research. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Complete Chloroplast Genome Structure and Characterization of Syringa villosa subsp . wolfii Yongchang LU, Xin ZHANG, Luyan ZHANG, Jiuli WANG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2023, 43 (1): 120-130.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.01.013 Abstract （9608）   HTML （50）    PDF（pc） （5570KB）（5946）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the basic characteristics of the complete chloroplast genome of Syringa villosa subsp. wolfii， the sequence information of chloroplast genome was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology， and its systematic evolution position was discussed. The results showed that：（1）The total length of the S. villosa subsp. wolfii chloroplast genome was 156 517 bp， which had a typical tetrad structure and had 131 functional genes， including 36 tRNA genes， 8 rRNA genes and 87 protein-coding genes respectively. （2）The relative synonymous codon usage（RSCU） analysis of the protein-coding region of the chloroplast genome showed that there were 31 codons with RSCU>1， of which 21 ended with A/U base； and there were 34 codons with RSCU<1， including 22 codons ending with G/C base. （3）In the chloroplast genome of S. villosa subsp. wolfii， 334 scattered repeats were detected， including 170 forward repeats and 164 palindromic repeats， and 227 SSR loci were discovered， and PCR primers were designed successfully for 226 of these loci. （4）Phylogenetic tree analysis based on the maximum likelihood method showed that S. villosa subsp. wolfii was the most closely to the S. yunnanensis. In this study， repeated sequences， IR boundaries and phylogeny of chloroplast genome of S. villosa subsp. wolfii were analyzed to provide reference data for molecular markers， phylogenetic classification， species identification and evaluation and DNA barcode development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Elatostema glochidioides is Decidedly Unconspecific with E.famosissimum WANG Wen-Tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (6): 801-804.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.06.001 Abstract （5454）      PDF（pc） （474KB）（5938）       Knowledge map    Save In 2011, Elatostema glochidioides W. T. Wang, a species endemic to southern China, was reduced into the synonymy of E.ramosissimum Reinecke, a species endemic to Savaii Island of Oceania. Two species have rather similar habit, but there are important morphological differences. In E.glochidioides, the leaves are adaxially strigose, abaxially glabrous, and trinerved; the pistillate capitula have conspicuous receptacles; the pistillate flower lacks tepals; and the achenes are longitudinally ribbed. In E.ramosissimum, the leaves are adaxially glabrous, abaxially on midrib strigose, and semi-triplinerved; the receptacles of pistillate capitula are very small, inconspicuous; the pistillate flower has 3(-4) tepals; and the achenes are minutely tuberculate. On the basis of the morphological differences just mentioned the specific status of E.glochidioides is restored here. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Yield of Extracts and Antioxidant Activities of Polygonatum odoratum WANG Dong-Mei;LÜZheng-Jiang;WANG Yong-Hong;ZHANG Hui-Hui Bulletin of Botanical Research    2012, 32 (5): 621-626.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2012.05.020 Abstract （5085）      PDF（pc） （1111KB）（5735）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the effect of different processing methods on Polygonatum odoratum, the yield and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides, ethanol extracts, crude total flavonoids and water extracts were determined and compared. The results showed that the yield of polysaccharides, ethanol extracts of alcohol-steam P.odoratum and crude total flavonoids, water extracts of honey-steam P.odoratum were the higher than un-processed one, which were improved by 43.86%, 29.53%, 49.46% and 34.66%, respectively. The polysaccharides and water extracts of alcohol-steam P.odoratum exhibited the best DPPH scavenging activity at the same concentration than other samples with the IC 50/DPPH=0.345±0.019 and 0.441±0.022 mg·mL -1, respectively. The crude total flavonoids and ethanol extracts of honey-steam P.odoratum exhibited the best DPPH scavenging activity at the same concentration than other samples with the IC 50/DPPH=0.047±0.011 and 0.199±0.036 mg·mL -1, respectively. The DPPH scavenging activity of crude total flavonoids of honey-steam P.odoratum was higher (90.29%) than other extracts at the concentration of 1 mg·mL -1, which was higher than the rutin and quercetin at the concentration of 0.05 mg·mL -1. Both processing methods improved the total reductive ability of polysaccharides, crude total flavonoids and water extracts, while reduced the total reductive ability of ethanol extracts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lectotypifications of Twenty Names of Chinese Taxa in Angiospermae LIN Qi;BEI Shu-Qing;LI Hong-Li;CAO Zi-Yu;SUN Qian;SUN Miao;YANG Zhi-Rong Bulletin of Botanical Research    2008, 28 (5): 534-539.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2008.05.007 Abstract （10448）      PDF（pc） （262KB）（5633）       Knowledge map    Save Based on examinations of type specimens housed at PE, lectotypes for twenty names of Chinese taxa in Angiospermae are here designated under Article 8.1, 9.9, 9.10 and 37.2, Recommendation 9A.2 and 9A.3 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code), because the types were respectively indicated by reference to a gathering that consists of more than one specimen, or more than one gatherings were simultaneously designated as types, or more than one gatherings were simultaneously designated, without indicating the type in the protologue. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Seed Morphology of Five Genera of Berberidaceae in China ZHANG Jian-Ru, ZENG Ni, CHANG Zhao-Yang Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (4): 491-502.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.04.003 Abstract （8601）      PDF（pc） （2145KB）（5375）       Knowledge map    Save The seed morphology of 42 taxa(40 species and 2 varieties) in 5 genera( Berberis, Mahonia, Caulophyllum, Dysosma and Diphylleia) of Berberidaceae from China was studied by stereoscope and scanning electron microscope. The study seeds were tawny, reddish brown to black, and diverse in shape. Ornamentation of seed coat was ascribed into four types as reticular(including 7 subtypes), reticular-scalariform, scalariform and ruminate. Seeds of Caulophyllum robustum were sphere and the hilum located on the side of seed near middle, which could be the typical characters distinguished from the other 4 genera. According to the micromorphology of seed coat, systematic and phylogenetic implications of seed coat morphology in Berberidaceae were discussed, and the possible evolutionary route of seed coat ornamentation was conjectured. Seed morphology supported the sister relationship between Berberis and Mahonia, and Dysosma was more original than Diphylleia. Seed morphology of the genus Berberis did not support Ahrendt's treatment of some sections and subsections. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cloning and Expression Analysis of CkGR Gene in Caragana korshinskii Kom. ZHANG Teng-Guo, ZHOU Ke, MAO Yu-Shan, NIE Ting-Ting, LI Ping, DIAO Zhi-Hong, WANG Juan Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (4): 511-519.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.04.005 Abstract （8738）      PDF（pc） （1846KB）（5273）       Knowledge map    Save A novel GR genewas isolated from Caragana korshinskii Kom. by RACE. The full-length cDNA of GR was 2122 bp, containing a 5'-UTR of 57 bp, a 3'-UTR of 415 bp, and a 1650 bp opening reading frame(ORF). The deduced protein was 550 amino acids with molecular weight 59.2 kDa and isoelectric point 8.2, named CkGR. This CkGR showed high identities with the Cicer arietinum CaGR(90.6%). The promoter of CkGR gene was isolated by chromosomal walking and 648 bp sequence was obtained by sequencing. Plant CARE analysis of this sequence showed that the peomoter contained some typical elements CAAT-box and TATA-boxand kinds of Cis-acting elements involved in defense and stress responsiveness. RT-PCR analysis revealed that CkGR was expressed in roofs, stems, and leaves with almost no tissue specificity. The transcript level of CkGR was increased in response to cold, high salt and drought stress. CkGR played an important role during cold, high salt and drought stress in Caragana korshinskii Kom.. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Rediscovery of Ulota germana(Mont.) Mitt.(Orthotrichaceae) In New Zealand WANG Qing-Hua, JIA Yu Bulletin of Botanical Research    2018, 38 (1): 1-6.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2018.01.001 Abstract （2888）      PDF（pc） （2800KB）（5002）       Knowledge map    Save Ulota germana(Mont.) Mitt., formly as U.rufula(Mitt.) A.Jaeger, was recorded from only Marlborough District of South Island in New Zealand and it has not been refound for more than 60 years. A new locality is added here: Nelson, Denniston, near parking area at top of Denniston Incline. The plants from New Zealand agree well with those from South America except some variation in the size of leaves, perichaetial leaves and spores. This new specimen is well described, especially the opercula and calyptra not seen in previous works, the distribution is mapped and its distinction from other close species is discussed here. Ulota luteola(Hook.f. & Wilson) Wijk & Margad., formly as U.pygmaeothecia(Müll. Hal.) Kindb. is excluded from the moss flora of New Zealand. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Leaf Structure of Ten Species of Bryum Dill from No.1 Glacier of Tianshan Mountains CHEN Qiu-Yan, WANG Hong Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (6): 818-826.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.06.004 Abstract （6332）      PDF（pc） （1655KB）（4854）       Knowledge map    Save Anatomical structure of the leaf of ten species of Bryum Dill from No.1 glacier of Tianshan Mountains was observed to explore the relationship between leaf morphological characteristics and environment and its taxonomic significance. The results indicated that:The leaf cells of these 10 species had thick cytoplasm. Middle ribs had large primary cells and well developed small-thick-wall-cells. The cell wall of leaf was thickened and the surface was concaved inwardly while being dried.The leaf surface of most species had particles and different ornamentation, such as rhombic, longitudinal ones etc. These characters were all the adaptabilities to environment for plants to improve cold resistance and drought resistance, to reduce moisture evaporation, and to enhance water conduction. Although some species with similar leaf structures were closely related, but they could be easily and accurately identified by combining paraffin sectioning and SEM technique. The results could provide some theoretical basis for classification of Bryum Dil. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and Identification of TRV-mediated VIGS Transformation System of Iris sanguinea Guiling LIU, Nuo XU, Gongfa SHI, Ling WANG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (1): 132-138.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.01.015 Abstract （915）   HTML （40）    PDF（pc） （1718KB）（4605）       Knowledge map    Save To analyze gene function in plants lacking stable genetic transformation system， virus-induced gene silencing（VIGS） was needed， and Iris sanguinea， a monocotyledon， was selected as materials. The specific fragment of IsPDS gene was isolated and the VIGS recombinant vector pTRV2-IsPDS was constructed and leaves were infected by injection. The results showed that the most effective infection was achieved by injecting its leaf veins with syringes when the OD600 values of the resuspension were adjusted to 0.8-1.0 after the those of pTRV1 and pTRV2-IsPDS were adjusted to 1.8-2.0. The experiment was conducted when outdoors temperature was 15-20 ℃ from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m.， and a 1 mL syringe needle pricking the outer epidermis of I. sanguinea leaves and 1 mL of heavy suspension slowly injected along parallel veins into its vascular bundles. A clear albino phenotype might appear after about 14 days. TRV1 and TRV2 virus vectors were detected in the plants with phenotypic changes and in the no-load group. The expression of IsPDS in the albino plants was significantly lower than that in the no-load group and the control group. With the concentration of agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying virus vector increased in the preparation of infection solution， the infection efficiency of the whole experiment was improved， and no shading was needed after inoculation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Two New Species of Urticaceae from China WANG Wen-Tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (4): 481-483.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.04.001 Abstract （5198）      PDF（pc） （413KB）（4557）       Knowledge map    Save A species of the genus Laportea(Urticaceae), L.jinganensis, and a species of the genus Debregeasia(also Urticaceae), D.hekouensis, are described as new from Jiangxi Province and Yunnan Province respectively. The diagnostic differences between L.jinganensis and its Chinese congeners and between D.hekouensis and its ally, D.longifolia, are given respectively. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stamen Dynamics and Breeding System of Lonicera alberti LI Ya-Lan, LIANG Feng-Li Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (4): 503-510.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.04.004 Abstract （4806）      PDF（pc） （1673KB）（4540）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the flowering characteristics and breeding system of Lonicera alberti, we observed flower characteristics, floral dynamic and pollination insects in the field during the flowering period. We tested the pollen viability by TTC staining, MTT staining, benzidine α-naphthol staining and carmine acetate dyeing, and estimated its stigma receptivity by benzidine-hydrogen peroxide and diphenyl tetrazolium bromide staining methods. We studied the breeding system of L.alberti by the pollen-ovule ratio(P/O), the out-crossing index(OCI), and artificial pollination methods. There are two kinds of L.alberti flowers opening:corolla lobes blooming one by one and corolla lobes simultaneous blooming. The pollen viability reached the maximum at 6 hours after anthers shedding, and stigma receptivity was increased after bloom; Apis mellifera played an important role in the process of pollination. P/O was 583.43±99.90 and the outcrossing index was 4. By artificial pollination testing, cross-pollination rate was 79.17%, and the self-fertility rate was 9.52%. The research suggested that the breeding system of L.alberti belonged to mixed mating system and cross pollination requires pollinators. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Anatomical Structures of Populus euphratica and Ecoenvironment WANG Gui-Qin；ZHENG Yu-Hua；HU Ding-Chao Bulletin of Botanical Research    2015, 35 (1): 11-15.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2015.01.003 Abstract （8734）      PDF（pc） （1340KB）（4487）       Knowledge map    Save We used light microscope, scanning electron microscope and histochemical localization techniques to study the relations between secondary vascular tissue and the ecological adaptation of Populus euphratica. P.euphratica has many structural characteristics and tuber member characteristics, which are adapt to ecological environment. The ratio of secondary phloem with developed phloem fiber to secondary xylem is 1/7 in width, and much cells with rich protein distributed in parenchyma. Less vessels in large diameter, with thick wall and multiple-pore distributed in the wood arranged radially, as a result, the tubal complex, mainly multiple-pore, supplemented by tracheid or bundle tracheid, was formed in secondary xylem of P.euphratica’ stem, while the xylem ray remained or evolved into fibrous tracheid. There are mainly pitted vessels in stem, occasionally trapeziform-pitted type, and both type vessels are very short with truncatus and leveled-perforation. The characteristics descripted above can explain the evolution and adaptation of secondary vascular tissue and tuber members of P.euphratica in a specific habitat. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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EXOTIC LEGUME SPECIES IN CHINA ZHU Xiang-yun, DU Yu-fen Bulletin of Botanical Research    2002, 22 (2): 139-150.   Abstract （2767）      PDF（pc） （441KB）（4454）       Knowledge map    Save Exotic species have an important play on native species somewhere. Recently some researchers pay more attention to their adaptation and living mechanism. Under this kind of situation, the present authors reconfirmed some exotic legume species, and firstly reported that 158 legume species(including subspecies and varieties) of 73 genera occur in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Extraction of genomic DNA from woody plants and it’s identification WANG Jun;YANG Chuan-Ping*;LIU Gui-Feng Bulletin of Botanical Research    2006, 26 (5): 589-594.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2006.05.016 Abstract （3855）      PDF（pc） （254KB）（4348）       Knowledge map    Save Genomic DNA was extracted from leaves of Vitis amurensis, Actinidia arguta, Quercus mongolica, Juglans mandshurica and needles of Pinus sibirica, Pinus pumila by the method of modified CTAB. The isolated genomic DNA length was similar to λDNA (48 kb) and is suitable for both PCR amplification and digestion with restriction endonucleases. The absorbance ration (A 260/A 280) ranged 1.66～1.89. The quality of DNA extracted from third and fourth times suspension was better than from first and second times suspension. The yields of DNA ranged from 15 μg·g -1 fresh mass（from fourth time suspension J.mandshuric） to 272 μg·g -1 fresh mass（from third time suspension of V.amurensis）.Although from first and second times suspension of P.pumila and P.sibirica wasn’t isolated genomic DNA, but from third and fourth times suspension was obtained high quality genomic DNA. The genomic DNA can be used for next analysis via identification of PCR and digestion with restriction endonucleases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Three Kinds of Agrobacterium and Different Transformation Conditions on the Transient Expression of GFP in Nicotiana benthamiana Yuejing Zhang, Ying Li, Juanjuan Wang, Hailong Pang, Lingyun Jia, Hanqing Feng Bulletin of Botanical Research    2022, 42 (1): 121-129.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.01.013 Abstract （7568）   HTML （249）    PDF（pc） （4568KB）（4342）       Knowledge map    Save By using Nicotiana benthamiana as plant material， the influence of the different Agrobacterium strains（LBA4404， EHA105， GV3101）， bacterial concentration and infection time on GFP（as the reporter gene） the fluorescence transient expression after transformation were analyzed respectively. The results showed that the expression of GFP with different Agrobacterium strains were various in the optimal concentration and time for transient： the highest transient expression efficiency with LBA4404 strain was achieved when the OD600 of bacterial suspension was 0.8； while the highest transient expression efficiency with EHA105 and GV3101 strains was achieved when the OD600 of the bacterial suspension reached 0.6. The level of transient expression by strain LBA4404 was the highest at 2 days later Agrobacterium infiltration while the level of transient expression by strains EHA105 and GV3101 was the highest at 4 days later Agrobacterium infiltration. The comparative analysis among these different strains showed that the transient expression efficiency by using LBA4404 strain was the highest. The above results indicated that Agrobacterium strains and transformation conditions such as bacterial concentration and infection time were important factors that affected the transient expression efficiency. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Micromorphology of Leaf Epidermis of Phleum WANG Yan-Hong, ZHANG Xue-Jie, FAN Shou-Jin Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (6): 827-837.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.06.005 Abstract （5632）      PDF（pc） （2048KB）（4144）       Knowledge map    Save The micromorphology of the leaf epidermis for 35 species and 2 varieties belonging to Phleum and its related genera of Poaceae were examined by scanning electron microscope. The intercostal long cells on both abaxial and adaxial epidermis of Phleum were long tubular or rhomboid, and the outlines of long cells were straight or curved. The shapes of silica cells in costal zones were nodular. Parallel-sided subsidiary cells were found. Prickles were frequently occurred in costal zones and absent or rarely seen in intercostal zones. No papillaes and micro-hairs were found. Meanwhile, a phylogenetic tree was constructed according to the characters of leaf epidermal micromorphology. Phleum and Poeae clustered together, which indicated that they had the closer relationship and distantly related to Aveneae, Agrostideae and Phalarideae. According to the micromorphology of leaf epidermises. Phleum should place into Poeae. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exogenous Sucrose Affected AtKEA1 and AtKEA2 to Regulate Root Growth of Seedling in Arabidopsis thaliana Sheng ZHENG, Haixia GAO, Min SU, Shanghuan LU, Tengguo ZHANG, Guofan WU Bulletin of Botanical Research    2023, 43 (4): 562-571.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.04.009 Abstract （720）   HTML （23）    PDF（pc） （5300KB）（4126）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the function roles of K+-efflux-antiporters KEA1 and KEA2 in Arabidopsis thaliana， wild type and kea1kea2 knock-down mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana were used as materials to investigate the effects of KEA1 and KEA2 on plant growth and development. Phenotypic analysis， propidium iodide staining to observe the structure of roots， high performance liquid chromatography to determine endogenous sugar content， transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR to analyze the relative expression levels of related genes， histochemical staining to detect the distribution of superoxide anion in leaves were performed respectively. The results showed that the root length of the kea1kea2 mutant was significantly shorter than that of the wild-type Col-0 plant in the absence of sucrose. Further observation showed that compared with the wild-type， the root meristem zone of kea1kea2 mutant was shorter， the endogenous sucrose content was decreased， and more O2·- was distributed in the leaves of the kea1kea2 mutant. However，when 30 g·L-1 sucrose was exogenously added， there was no significant difference in root length between the wild-type and kea1kea2 mutant. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of many key genes involved in sucrose signals and root growth were repressed in the kea1kea2 mutant. In summary， the results suggested that sucrose might affect AtKEA1and AtKEA2 to regulate root growth in Arabidopsis seedlings. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Destruction and Alteration of Habitat on Distribution of Specific Genera of Taxodiaceae HUANG Pu-Hua Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (6): 815-817.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.06.003 Abstract （4967）      PDF（pc） （685KB）（4107）       Knowledge map    Save A Taxodiaceae family is with 10 genera 16 species,including 5 monospecific genera( Metasequoia, Glyptostrobus,Sequoiadendron, Sequoia and Sciadopitys), and 5 oligospecific genera( Cunninghaimia, Tawania, Cryptomeria,Taxodium and Athrotaxis), each accounting for 50%. Taxodiaceae is distributed in north temperate regions, mostly in East Asia and North America, and only a genus Athrotaxisis in Australia Tasmania. Plants and habitat are an interdependent entity. Destruction and alteration of habitatis a serious problem for the distribution of specific genera of Taxodiaceae family. Monospecific genera mostly are relict species(living fossil), but there is only fossil in Europe due to destruction in the quaternary glacial period. Today, there are only 2 monospecific genera of Sequoiadendron and Sequoia due to the volcanoin a small area of California, US. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A revision of Boehmeria sect. Duretia ser. Spicatae(Urticaceae) of China WANG Wen-Tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    2016, 36 (6): 805-814.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.06.002 Abstract （4480）      PDF（pc） （1647KB）（3979）       Knowledge map    Save (1) Boehmeria subgen. Duretia sect. Spicatae is recognized, but relegated to serial rank, and treated as one of the series under Sect. Duretia. (2)In Ser. Spicatae are recognized 6 species, including 1 new species, which are keyed, except the new species briefly described, and illustrated. Besides, the geographical distributions and a distribution map of them are provided. (3)The close relationships among the 6 species are discussed, and several speculations are thought out:In Ser. Spicatae, Boehmeria gracilis is the primitive species, and all other species of this series might originate from it; or B.gracilis and B.densiglomerata might be a pair of sister groups derived from a common ancestry; or B.allophylla might be derived from B.silvestrii. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Physocarpus amurensis Seedlings YIN Dong-Sheng, WEI Xiao-Hui Bulletin of Botanical Research    2018, 38 (6): 828-833.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2018.06.005 Abstract （4207）      PDF（pc） （1064KB）（3972）       Knowledge map    Save Growth performance, biomass accumulation and distribution, photosynthetic characteristics, non structural carbon (NSC) accumulation of one-year-old seedlings of Physocarpus amurensis was studied under four kinds of nitrogen fertilization treatment by pot experiment. The results showed that nitrogen fertilization promoted the growth of basal diameter, branch number, and crown width of seedlings. The nitrogen fertilization increased the biomass of stem, leaf and plant ( P<0.05) and biomass allocation ratio of stem, and decreased biomass allocation ratio of root. The nitrogen fertilization significant increased net photosynthetic rate, leaf nitrogen content, soluble sugar and NSC in stem ( P<0.05), and significant decreased soluble sugar and NSC content in root ( P<0.05). However, there were no significant different in most of the parameters among nitrogen fertilization treatments (N1, N2 and N3), indicating that the seedlings of P.amurensis were not sensitive to the change of soil nutrients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Urban Street Tree Species Composition in 35 Cities of China WANG Ke, XIAO Lu, TIAN Pan-Li, ZHANG Xi-Ting, WANG Hong-Yuan, WANG Wen-Jie Bulletin of Botanical Research    2020, 40 (4): 568-574.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2020.04.011 Abstract （5880）      PDF（pc） （1280KB）（3871）       Knowledge map    Save Clarifying the composition of the urban forest tree is the base of urban forest construction and management.Previous studies were mostly located in a singlecity or region, and it was difficult to reveal its general rule.We selected China's 35 majorcities, with a total of 88 632 plots by using Baidu Street View(BSV).These cities were divided into Northern, Southern, Qinghai-Tibet and Northwestern cities, according to their geographical region location. We compared the differences in street tree composition between cities and between regions. Results showed that:①There were 99street trees commonly used in the 35 cities based on the street BSV survey.The most common tree species were Populus spp., Salix spp., Cinnamomum camphora, Cedrus deodara and Sophora japonica. ②Most of the street trees in Southern cities are broad-leaved trees e.g.,Cinnamomum camphora, while in Northern and Northwestern cities, Populus spp., Salix spp. and S.japonicawere dominant, and in the Qinghai-Tibet area, Populus spp. and conifer were dominant. ③Only Kunming and Guilin street species configuration were reasonable at species levelaccording tothe 10/20/30 "rule of thumb". In particular, the relative abundance of Populus spp. was as high as 61.2%, in Karamay. The proportion of Cinnamomum camphora trees exceeds 50% of the total number of tree species in Changsha and Hangzhou.The primary reason was that single-species occupy absolute predominance which made the relative abundance ratio of other tree species less or even no. In the four areas,street tree configuration was unreasonable at the species level. To solve this problem, we should reduce the use of Populus spp., Salix spp., Cedrus deodara, S.japonica in the North, and other trees suitable for native growth should be added in Northwest, Qinghai-Tibet, and Southern. Our study provides important parameters for the nationalplanning of urban forest, scientific evaluation and construction, systematic comparison of multiple cities, support of urban forest management and comprehensive improvement of ecological service functions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Extraction methods of microorganisms from phyllosphere ZHOU Yu;QIAO Xiong-Wu;WANG Jing;CUI Zhong-Li;LI Shun-Peng Bulletin of Botanical Research    2006, 26 (2): 233-237.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2006.02.025 Abstract （8504）      PDF（pc） （145KB）（3730）       Knowledge map    Save The extraction methods of microorganisms from the bean’s leaves were investigated and the efficiency of different methods was compared. Results showed that different extraction methods and solvents led to quite different results. By ultrasonic cleaner method, the number of microorganisms increased to a maximum with the time prolonging and then decrease, the most effective treatment time is about four minates. There are no significant difference between sterile water and phosphate buffer. Comparing with ultrasonic cleaner method, extraction efficiency of homogenate method was much higher. The maximum yield of the former was about 7.67×106 cfu/g fresh leaves while the latter was up to 1.12×10 7 cfu/g. The optimal weight of the leaves sample was four to five g. Leaf age influenced the abundance of microbial population significantly, but the leaf age of a sample for a specific purpose still depends on the other factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on Relationship and Taxonomic Status of Some Species in Subg. Cerasus Koehne with Chloroplast DNA atpB- rbcL Fragment ZHU Hong, YI Xian-Gui, ZHU Shu-Xia, WANG Hua-Chen, DUAN Yi-Fan, WANG Xian-Rong Bulletin of Botanical Research    2018, 38 (6): 820-827.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2018.06.004 Abstract （5056）      PDF（pc） （1822KB）（3718）       Knowledge map    Save Subg. Cerasus Koehne of Rosaceae families (Flowering Cherries) has important ornamental value. An in-depth research on the interspecies relationships and their taxonomic status contributes to the development of those cherry species and germplasm resource innovation. in China. The tree species of Subg. Cerasus (including variety) collected from Yunnan, Jiangxi and Fujian were amplified and sequenced, using the atpB- rbcL fragment of noncoding region in chloroplast DNA, and integrated with homologous sequences from four other species committed to database of GenBank. Haplotype of Median-Joining network and the phylogenetic tree were both constructed based on a total of 30 sequence matrix including 7 species, and their relationships and classification status were discussed. (1) There were total 15 polymorphism sites in the 774 valid sites of atpB- rbcL sequence matrix, accounting for 1.94%, and the (A+T) content 70.50%, reflecting an obvious base bias; (2) Total 9 haplotypes were detected by DNASP 5 software, with average Haplotype diversity ( H d=0.880 5±0.026) and average nueleotide diversity ( π=0.007 11±0.000 54); Except for Prunus dielsiana (Hap5~Hap7), the remaining species had their own unique haplotype, which indicate abundant genetic diversity; (3) After integrating with the results of MJ network as well as reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree, we speculated that P.pananensis was during the original stage of evolution,moreover, it is closely related to P.schneideriana when compare with P.dielsiana; P.dielsiana var. longistyla was a sister branch to P.dielsiana, also together constituted an independent evolutionary unit. With the above results, we believe that the Chloroplast DNA atpB- rbcL fragment is relatively suitable at intergeneric or interspecific levels, which could be selected as DNA bar code in priority. Molecular evidence combined with morphological features support the viewpoint that regarding P.dielsiana var. longistyla as a varity of P.dielsiana, while the taxonomic status of P.pananensis calls for more evidence. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fagopyrum densovillosum J. L. Liu, a New Species of Polygonaceae from Sichuan,China LIU Jian-Lin;TANG Yu;XIA Ming-Zhong;SHAO Ji-Rong;CAI Guang-Ze;LUO Qiang;SUN Jun-Xiu Bulletin of Botanical Research    2008, 28 (5): 530-533.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2008.05.006 Abstract （10909）      PDF（pc） （116KB）（3472）       Knowledge map    Save Fagopyrum densovillosum J. L. Liu, a new species of the polygonaceae from Luojishanzhen, Puge Country, Sichuan Province, China，is described. F. densovillosum is closely related to F. gracilipes (Hemsl.) Damm. et Diels By its from bottom to top foliate stems and branches, axillary and apical Racemes, ovate-triangular or broadly ovate-triangular achenes, but differs in its densely erect-villose plants, thicker stems and branches, densely nodes, shorter internodes, broadly ovate, cordate, broadly cordate, broadly ovate-cordate, ovate, long ovate, triangular-ovate or ovate-triangular and larger leaves,（0.9-）1.7-6 cm long and （0.7-）1.2-5.1 cm wide, thin rugose and small pustulate on the surface, longer petioles (0.5-)2.6-7.5 cm long, smaller achenes 1.8-2.5 mm long and 1.5-2 mm in diameter. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics