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Advances on the Crosstalk of Brassinolide with Other Phytohormones in Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Response Huize CHEN, Liman DIAO, Jiajia ZHOU, Rong HAN, Meiting DU Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 812-821.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.002 Abstract （1689）   HTML （87）    PDF（pc） （819KB）（1474）       Knowledge map    Save Plant growth and development are regulated by a combination of various phytohormones. Brassin-osteroids（BRs）， as important steroid phytohormones， participate in “crosstalk” with other phytohormones to regulate physiological processes such as seed germination， root growth and development， photomorphogenesis， and fruit ripening. This review summarizes recent research progress on the fine-tuned regulation of plant growth， development， and stress responses by Brassinolide（BR） in conjunction with other phytohormones， aiming to provide important references for related research. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diversity and Flora of Bryophytes in Typical Areas of Linzhi Zhiyuan GAO, Mengxin SI, Biao WANG, Heping MA Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 890-900.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.010 Abstract （1200）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （712KB）（228）       Knowledge map    Save The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is known as “the Third Pole of the World”， and the southeast is a biodiversity-rich region in China， and is one of the distribution centers of China’s endemic bryophytes. Linzhi City is located in the southeast of Xizang Autonomous Region， with rich vegetation types and complex flora， but there are few studies on the diversity of bryophytes in this region. Based on the field survey data and document literatures， the flora and diversity of bryophytes at four counties（districts）in Linzhi City were analyzed， the specimens were identified and counted， the community characteristics were compared by analyzing the dominant families， dominant genera， zonal components， and diversity indices. The results showed that there were 748 species （varieties，subspecies，and variants）， 249 genera and 60 families of mosses in four typical areas of Linzhi City， with 11 dominant families， 21 dominant genera， 86 endemic species and 16 threatened species in China. This area was divided into 12 floras， and the bryophytes were distributed in the North Temperate Zone（20.94%）， Tropical Asia（18.74%）， China-Himalayan-Janpan（13.32%） and China-Endemic（12.59%）. This indicated that the bryophyte flora in this region was dominated by temperate components， and had tropical attributes， with temperate-to-tropical transition components. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Biological Functions and Mechanisms of Pipecolic Acid in Plants Xiuqi LI, Wenjing LI, Bing LI, Xingzhong XIAO, Tao PENG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (1): 15-21.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.003 Abstract （771）   HTML （8）    PDF（pc） （828KB）（349）       Knowledge map    Save Pipecolic acid（Pip） is a heterocyclic non-protein amino acid serving as precursor for the biosynthesis of biological metabolites. Structurally， the six-membered cyclic motif consists of five carbons and one nitrogen atom. Pip is a cyclic amino acid derived from lysine， in recent years， it has attracted attention in plant research. This review summarized the discovery， biosynthesis， biological functions， and action mechanisms of pipecolic acid， as well as its applications in agricultural production， and put forward prospects for future research directions aiming to establish a foundation for the potential application. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Plant Growth, Development and Stress Resistance Traits Regulated by Liquid-liquid Phase Separation-mediated Gene Expression Qingqing XU, Dehui SUN, Wenmeng WANG, Dangdang LI, Xingguo LAN, Guangchao SUI Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 805-811.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.001 Abstract （693）   HTML （36）    PDF（pc） （946KB）（528）       Knowledge map    Save Gene expression determines the growth， differentiation， and various traits and functions of multicellular organisms. In this process， transcriptional regulation is one of the most critical steps of gene expression. Since 2018， gene expressions regulated by the liquid-liquid phase-separated condensates formed by biological macromolecules in mammalian cells have been continuously revealed. However， the research in understanding the role of phase separation in the gene transcription process of plant cells has achieved relatively limited progression. In this review， we first introduced the mechanisms of phase separation-regulated gene expression， discussed its relevant basic research approaches， and summarized key findings in the mechanistic studies of phase separation in regulating gene transcription during the growth， development and stress response of plants. Finally， we provided our perspectives for future researches to expand and deepen the understanding of phase separation regulation mechanisms of plant gene expression. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of Land Use Patterns on the Structure and Function of Soil Bacterial Communities Jun ZHI, Wenbiao DUAN, Ming GAO, Wei HU, Meng LI, Shuren WANG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (1): 22-33.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.004 Abstract （597）   HTML （31）    PDF（pc） （5363KB）（344）       Knowledge map    Save The response of soil microbial community functions to land use changes is of key importance in the prediction of soil ecological functions. In order to clarify the effects of different land use patterns on bacterial communities in the black soil region， the soil bacterial community structure， co-occurrence network structure and functional genes in cropland， forest land and grassland in the northeastern black soil region were analyzed， respectively， and the interaction mechanisms among land use patterns， soil physicochemical properties， bacterial diversity， bacterial community structure， co-occurrence network and functional genes were explored using structural equation modelling. The results showed that there were significant differences（P<0.05） in soil physical and chemical properties and bacterial community structure among different land use patterns， and that the Shannon index and the average degree of co-occurrence network of forest land and grassland were significantly higher than that in cropland（P<0.05）. The proportion of positive correlation edges of bacterial co-occurrence network in forest land was higher than that in other treatments， there was a stronger synergistic effect between soil bacteria in forest land. Functional gene results showed that different land use patterns significantly altered functional gene abundance（P<0.05）. Structural equation modelling indicated that bacterial community structure had the greatest direct effect on functional genes， and land use practices had the greatest indirect effect on functional genes. In conclusion， this study further confirmed the effects of different land use patterns on bacterial communities， which provided a scientific basis for land management in the black soil area. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and Prospect of Spatial Transcriptome Technology in Plant Research Man MEI, Chencan WANG, Hongxia LIN, Yuqian ZHANG, Wenjing DING, Yuanyuan ZHAO Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (1): 3-14.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.002 Abstract （578）   HTML （16）    PDF（pc） （1556KB）（245）       Knowledge map    Save Spatial transcriptomics（ST） is a technique used to resolve RNA-seq data at the spatial level， thereby resolving all mRNA in a single tissue section. The orderly attachment of spatial barcoding oligo（dT） primers to the surface of microscope slides makes it possible to encode and obtain positional information during mRNA sample processing and subsequent sequencing. Compared with the traditional transcriptome technology， the spatial transcriptome technology can obtain the true gene expression characteristics of cells in the in-situ environment of tissues and the relationship with the microenvironment， and provide high-precision and high-resolution in-situ spatial information for gene expression. In recent years， the development of spatial transcriptome technology has made significant progress. The detected cell flow， the quantity and quality of transcripts are continuously improved， and spatial location information is more accurate and comprehensive. It has been studied in Arabidopsis thaliana， Oryza sativa， and Populus， etc. In this paper， the successful applications of spatial transcriptome technology in the study of plant dynamic development trajectory， the analysis of differences between different tissues and cell types， and decoding of the interaction between plants and microbial communities were described. The problems and challenges of space transcriptome sequencing technology in plant research were discussed， and the great potential of space transcriptome technology in plant research was revealed， which provided a new perspective for further research and application in related fields. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Invasive Alien Plants in Northern China Xia CUI, Qiang HAO, Feifei LI Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 843-851.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.005 Abstract （554）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （1998KB）（515）       Knowledge map    Save Based on China Virtual Herbarium （CVH）， Plant Photo Bank of China （PPBC）， reports and contents description， combined with the actual distribution and various works in northern China， 109 invasive alien plants from 25 families， 64 genera（including 108 invasive alien plants from foreign sources and 1 invasive alien plant from domestic sources）were comprehensively and systematically sorted out in northern China for the first time. The composition， origin and distribution of 109 invasive alien plants in northern China were summarized， and their invasive route， time and damage mode were analyzed. The problems existed in the research and the management， the situation of invasive alien plants， and the related experiences and knowledge of invasive alien plants were discussed respectively. Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-ultraviolet Radiation, and Antibacterial Functions of Endophytic Extracts from Different Plant Sources Kunlin ZOU, Siyuan JIANG, Yajing WEI, Shun ZHANG, Peng LI, Jing YIN Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (3): 433-446.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.03.013 Abstract （533）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （4173KB）（80）       Knowledge map    Save This study evaluated the antioxidant， antimicrobial， UV radiation resistance properties， and secondary metabolite content of fermented extracts from 20 endophytic fungi of diverse plant origins to assess their potential in cosmetic applications. ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging rates of fermentation broths and mycelial extracts were measured using microplate reader colorimetry， while ferric ion reduction capacity was determined via FRAP assay. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the Oxford cup method. The results indicated strong antioxidant activity in fermentation broths of strains XY1， YZ6， ZJ29， XG4-2， and ZBS49. ZJ29 exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging rate （93.62%）， while XY1 showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging rate （90.47%）. ZJ29 fermentation broth also demonstrated an ABTS radical scavenging rate >50% and the highest FRAP value （2 974.55 μmol?L-1）. Tyrosinase inhibition by ZJ29 and ZL18-1 mycelial extracts reached 60.62% and 98.10%， respectively， with ZJ29 fermentation broth showing the strongest inhibition（69.78%）. ZJ29 fermentation broth exhibited the highest inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. The UVA and UVB absorbance of YZ6 and ZJ29 was higher than 2.8， and the UVA absorbance of YZ6 and ZJ29 was higher than 2.0 and 1.5， respectively. YZ6 mycelial extract also showed strong resistance to UVB and UVA， with absorbance of 1.5-2.5. YH3 and XY1 mycelial extracts contained the higher polyphenol （18.47 and 15.36 mg?g-1） and flavonoid （4.35 and 7.15 mg?g-1） content， respectively. ZL23 and ZJ29 had the higher triterpene content （16.79 and 11.20 mg?g-1， respectively）. In conclusion， ZJ29 mycelial extracts had superior antimicrobial， UV radiation resistance， and antioxidant activities， followed by YZ6 and XY1， highlighting their significant potential for daily chemical products. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Biomass Allocation and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Bidens alba in the Nanliu River Basin Xiongzhong MA, Weihong XIONG, Zhe SUN Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 852-862.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.006 Abstract （525）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （2648KB）（378）       Knowledge map    Save Patterns of biomass allocation and stoichiometric characteristics offer significant insights into the expansion capacity and environmental adaptability of invasive plants. This study focused on the typical invasive plant Bidens alba L. in the riverbank area of Nanliu River， Guangxi. Based on the invasion coverage， five levels of invasion were categorized： minimal（≤15%）， mild（15% to 30%）， moderate（30% to 45%）， severe（45% to 60%）， and extremely severe（>60%）. The biomass allocation patterns， C∶N∶P stoichiometric characteristics， and the soil physicochemical properties of B. alba were comprehensively analyzed under different invasion levels， so as to explore and clarify the adaptation strategies and expansion mechanisms of B. alba. The results indicated that： （1）There was no significant difference in the biomass allocation of B. alba roots under different invasion levels（P>0.05）. Under severe and extremely severe invasions， the biomass allocation of stems significantly decreased（P<0.05）， while the biomass allocation of leaves significantly increased（P<0.05）. The average root-to-shoot ratio was not significantly different（P>0.05）. （2）As the level of invasion increased， the N and P contents in roots， stems， and leaves significantly increased（P<0.05）. The average N and P contents in leaves were 20.88 and 3.92 g?kg-1， respectively. （3）The C∶N and C∶P in roots， stems， and leaves significantly decreased with the increase of invasion levels（P<0.05）， while the change trend of N∶P was not significant. The average values of C∶N， C∶P and N∶P in the leaves were 21.06， 118.30 and 5.49， respectively. （4）The invasion levels of B. alba were significantly positively correlated with the N and P contents in roots， stems， and leaves， as well as the C， N and P contents in soil（P<0.05）. In summary， as the level of invasion increased， the resource allocation strategy of B. alba was optimized by increasing leaf biomass and leaf N and P contents， and soil C， N and P contents by interaction with soil to form a soil environment conducive to its rapid invasion. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Whitening and Antioxidant Activities of Leaf Polysaccharide from Dendrobium officinale Yuxin YAN, Meijun HE, Yu LI, Xiaoman YUAN, Xuhui TAN, Ming CHENG, Kai LUO, Lujing LIAO Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (1): 111-118.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.012 Abstract （516）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （1258KB）（594）       Knowledge map    Save Polysaccharide from the stems and leaves of Dendrobium officinale was extracted and purified by water extraction and alcohol precipitation， and its hygroscopic， moisturizing， whitening and antioxidant activities were clarified， respectively. The yield of polysaccharide（L-POL） extracted and purified from D. officinale leaves was（13.95±0.27）% and the purity was（92.14±7.75）%. L-POL had good moisture absorption and moisture retention effects， and moisture absorption rate and moisture retention rate were（9.50±0.57）% and （25.13±0.24）%， respectively. L-POL had strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability and in vitro tyrosinase activity with IC50 value of 2.232 and 54.930 g⋅L-1， respectively. L-POL with a concentration of 125 mg⋅L-1 could significantly inhibit the synthesis of melanin by mouse melanoma cells B16 with an inhibitory rate of 36.89%. In addition， L-POL with concentrations ranging from 75-300 mg⋅L-1 was not cytotoxic to mouse melanoma cells（cell viability of 89.33%-102.00%）. The high-purity L-POL had good antioxidant， whitening， moisture absorption and other activities， which provided a new idea for the further development and utilization of D. officinale resources in cosmetics or whitening functional foods. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on the Biosynthesis and Functions of Plant Terpenoids Yongchang XUE, Hexian WANG, Di ZHAO, Jing GUO, Ao LI Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (4): 479-490.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.04.002 Abstract （516）   HTML （31）    PDF（pc） （1908KB）（196）       Knowledge map    Save Terpenoids， as key secondary metabolites， are involved in physiological processes such as antioxidation， signaling， and stomatal movement in plants under adversity stress， and play an important role in plant adversity response. They can not only directly participate in plant defense mechanisms， but also act as signaling molecules to regulate plant-plant interactions and influence the adaptability and stability of plant communities. Due to their wide range of biological activities， terpenoids have been widely used in the food， pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. With the development of synthetic biotechnology， the research field of terpenoids will become more diversified and challenging， and their applications will be more promising. This review comprehensively analyzed the biosynthetic pathways of terpenoids and their physiological and ecological functions in plants， aiming to deepen the understanding of the adaptive strategies of plants to adversity， to provide reference for the study of plant resistance， and to provide a new approach for the development of sustainable agriculture and pharmaceutical and health industries. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolving Plant Taxonomy: Moving from “Description” to “Explanation” Hang SUN Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (1): 1-2.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.001 Abstract （507）   HTML （18）    PDF（pc） （331KB）（290）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Silicon-mediated Regulation on Polysaccharides Synthesis of Codonopsis pilosula under Drought Stress Based on EMP and TCA cycle Pathways Chu HUANG, Mingyue HE, Meile SUN, Yanhong CHEN, Huizhen WANG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (1): 98-110.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.011 Abstract （500）   HTML （5）    PDF（pc） （4957KB）（148）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years， frequent extreme weather and uneven distribution of rain have caused water shortage in the key growth period of Codonopsis pilosula， leading to declines in quality and yield. To solve this problem， this study used Codonopsis pilosula as the object， investigated the regulatory effects of C. pilosula polysaccharides（CPPs） synthesis under drought stress by silicon addition based on glycolysis （EMP） and tricarboxylic acid cycle（TCA）. Three groups were set up： water（CK）， drought by 15% PEG-6000（D） and drought by 15% PEG-6000 after silicon treatment（Si+D）. In Si+D group， 200 mL of 2 mmol?L-1 potassium silicate solution was applied to each basin on the 7th day before drought treatment. EMP and TCA-related substances， enzymes activity and key genes expression were measured at 7， 14 and 21 days respectively after drought treatment. Meanwhile， the contents of CPPs and its biosynthesis-related substances were measured to analyze comprehensively the regulation of CPPs synthesis by silicon under drought stress. The results showed that： （1） Drought stress weakened the content of photosynthetic pigment of C. pilosula， accelerated the consumption of sucrose， fructose and glucose， and enhanced the energy consumption in EMP and TCA pathways for the synthesis and accumulation of starch and polysaccharide， and there was a mutual fluctuation of yield and quality. （2） The silicon addition enhanced the content of relative leaf water of C. pilosula， inhibited the content of photosynthetic pigments， increased the sucrose and fructose contents， decreased the enzymes activity related to starch synthesis and increased the enzymes activity related to starch decomposition， resulting in the decrease of starch and polysaccharide contents， but the overall yield of C. pilosula were increased. Silicon addition promoted the EMP pathway of C. pilosula under drought stress， prevented the TCA cycle process， and made pyruvic acid， the end product of EMP， synthesize into citric acid and its accumulation. The application of silicon might affect the photosynthesis of C. pilosula， regulate the energy generation and distribution of EMP and TCA pathways， enhance the ability of C. pilosula to resist drought， and play a positive role in the synthesis of polysaccharide and the quality and yield of C. pilosula. However， with the extension of drought stress time， the regulation effect was weakened gradually. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Research on Culture and Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Boyan WANG, Jin CHEN, Qixiu CHENG, Yueming BAO, Haining WANG, Rui QIN, Xiaoyu LI Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (3): 361-370.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.03.007 Abstract （487）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （2040KB）（979）       Knowledge map    Save Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF） are one of the crucial microbial communities in the soil ecosystem. Researches on AMF reproductive techniques and their applications in practice have profound significance for elevating agricultural production efficiency and sustainability. This paper reviewed the latest research advancements in the symbiotic mechanism of AMF and its application in propagation systems and microbial inoculants. It explored the molecular mechanism through which AMF establish symbiotic relationships with plant roots； analyzed the optimization strategies for AMF propagation systems， encompassing key factors such as aseptic culture techniques， substrate selection， and environmental control； discussed the application potential of AMF inoculants in actual production， including enhancing crop yields， strengthening plant stress resistance， and improving soil structure. It highlighted the practical issues existing in the current application domains of AMF and the future research directions. The purpose was to offer a reference for further comprehension of the significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and lay the foundation for the development of novel microbial inoculants and their application in agricultural ecosystems in the future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Improved Steedman’s Wax Sectioning Method for Plant Tissues of Ziziphus jujuba Xiaoling MA, Yingcai ZHANG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (1): 139-147.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.015 Abstract （460）   HTML （14）    PDF（pc） （5669KB）（205）       Knowledge map    Save In order to establish a simple， safe and rapid paraffin sectioning method to reduce the use of poisonous agent xylene in experimental process，the leaf and fruit of four periods of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwu Changzao’were used as materials， and the anatomic features were observed by an improved low melting point polyester wax（Steedman’s wax） sectioning technique， and a set of feasible methods for paraffin sectioning preparation of plant tissues were established by improving embedding reagent， omitting the xylene transparence step， shortening the experimental processes， and compared it with conventional paraffin sectioning technique， it provided a new method for studying the plant tissues structures characteristics. The results indicated that the morphological structures of the leaf and fruit were complete and the staining was clear in paraffin sectioning obtained by the improved low melting point polyester wax（Steedman’s wax） sectioning method， the experimental procedures were not only simplified and the whole experimental time had been shortened， but also the quality of slices obtained using the improved sectioning technique was same as the conventional paraffin sectioning， and the experimental procedures were optimized and the use of toxic reagents such as xylene was avoided and experimental time was saved， and the efficiency of plant paraffin making was improved， it would be worthy of being used in more plant morphological anatomy research. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanisms and Regulation of Interactions between AM Fungi and Hyphosphere Bacteria in Organic Phosphorus Mineralization Wenhui YAN, Shilong DUAN, Lin ZHANG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (3): 345-351.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.03.005 Abstract （457）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （2504KB）（152）       Knowledge map    Save The interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） fungi and soil bacteria plays a crucial role in plant phosphorus acquisition. This review systematically elucidated the impact of AM fungi-bacteria interactions on soil phosphorus cycling and their regulatory mechanisms. AM fungal hyphal exudates， including sugars， carboxylates， and amino acids， provide carbon sources for bacteria and specifically recruit phosphate-solubilizing bacteria， while the hyphae serve as "mobile bridges" to facilitate bacterial migration. Besides， AM fungi can modulate the structure and function of the hyphosphere microbiome， enriching functional bacteria carrying the phoD gene， enhancing phosphatase activity， and promoting organic phosphorus mineralization. Based on these mechanisms， strategies such as regulating soil C：P ratio and supplementing hyphal exudate components can regulate AM fungi-bacteria interactions and improve soil phosphorus utilization efficiency. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intraspecific and Interspecific Competitions of the Three Hardwood Tree species in Northeast China Hao ZHANG, Wansheng LIU, Yanqi WANG, Xi CHEN, Liqiang MU Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 870-878.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.008 Abstract （455）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （1041KB）（553）       Knowledge map    Save In order to analyze the competitive relationships among the three hardwood tree species in northeast China， a sample plot of secondary broad-leaved mixed forest with an area of 1 hm2 was set in Heilongjiang Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve. The DBH greater than 5 cm， species， and coordinates of all trees in the sample plot were measured， and the competition intensity was calculated by Hegyi competition index algorithm to examine the relationship between the competition intensity and DBH of three tree species. It provides strong support for the protection of three hardwood tree species in northeast China. The results showed that in the competition between the subject trees and competing trees， the intraspecific， interspecific and average competition intensity of the tree species decreased with the increase of DBH， and the competition intensity was positively correlated with the number of subject trees. The intraspecific competition index， interspecific competition index and total competition index increased with the increase of the number of subject trees. In the competition of the three hardwood tree species， except for the Fraxinus mandshurica， Juglans mandshurica and Phellodendron amurense were the most intense intraspecific competition， and the relationships between the DBH of the subject trees and the competition indexes （intraspecific， interspecific and total） were the power function relationship. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Heat Tolerance and Regulatory Strategies of Plant Leaves Baojie TONG, Dongying DAN, Jiawei LI Bulletin of Botanical Research    2025, 45 (2): 171-180.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.02.003 Abstract （437）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （646KB）（143）       Knowledge map    Save Under the background of global warming， plant leaves are facing increasingly severe heat stress， which widely affects their growth， development， and productivity. Leaf temperature directly affects important physiological processes of plants such as photosynthesis， transpiration， and respiration. Therefore， clarifying high-temperature tolerance mechanism of plant leaves is of great significance. In this paper， the methods for determining leaf heat tolerance parameters were used， including the key parameters such as initial fluorescence （F0） and maximum quantum yield（Fv/Fm）， as well as indicators reflecting the leaf's heat tolerance ability， such as the temperature at which the minimum fluorescence of photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ） began to rise rapidly（Tcrit） and the temperature at which the maximum quantum yield（Fv/Fm） of photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ） decreased to half（T50） were determined respectively. By analyzing the previous results on the heat tolerance of leaves among different species， it was found that heat-tolerant species had higher Tcrit and lower leaf heat sensitivity（ΔT）， and could maintain the function of photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ） at higher temperatures. In addition， the roles of temperature regulation strategies such as leaf morphological structure， water loss， and stomatal regulation in leaf high-temperature tolerance were discussed respectively. In conclusion， the adaptation mechanism of plant leaves under high-temperature conditions was revealed by analyzing leaf heat tolerance parameters and temperature regulation strategies， and this work provided the structure and physiology basis for understanding the mechanism of plant leaf high-temperature tolerance， and theoretical support for future in-depth research on plant heat tolerance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Taxonomic Notes on Camellia huana (Theaceae) Guobin JIANG, He LI, Yanbing YANG, Chaoran XU, Zhongxuan GUO, Lunxiu DENG Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 901-913.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.011 Abstract （426）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （12695KB）（171）       Knowledge map    Save In order to clarify the taxonomic relationship between Camellia huana and its related species， based on examination of type specimens， field observations of wild populations， leaf and pollen micro-morphological characteristics， as well as studies on introduction and cultivation over the past 30 years， the results indicated that： （1）The type specimens cited from C. huana actually contained different taxon； （2）C. tianeensis should be recognized as a distinct species. It differed from C. huana primarily in the flowering period from February to April（vs. mid-October to December）， and the color of annual branch ranged from light red to burgundy（vs. grey）， and its fruit was oblate triangular spherical-shape with pericarp of 1-3 mm thick（vs. fruit oblate spherical-shape with pericarp of 9-11 mm thick）. Consequently， the type specimens of C. huana and the characteristics and distributions of two species were revised. Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation, Purification and Identification of Triter-penoids from Rosa roxburghii Leaves Yanhao LIU, Jiandong WANG, Yujie FU Bulletin of Botanical Research    2024, 44 (6): 822-831.   DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.003 Abstract （423）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （1071KB）（259）       Knowledge map    Save The R. roxburghii leaves were used as materials， and the triterpenoid chemical components were systematically isolated and purified from leaves by using methods of silica gel column chromatography， Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography， and semi HPLC， respectively. The structures of the compounds were identified through physicochemical properties and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （NMR） spectral data， and a total of 13 compounds were isolated and identified. Among them， there were two tetracyclic triterpenoid compounds， three pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides， and eight pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid compounds， including a novel compound monomer. The structures identified were （1）β- sitosterol， （2）daucosterol， （3）2α，3α，19α-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside， （4）kaji-ichigoside F1， （5）rosamultin， （6）rosamultic acid， （7）new compound， （8）hyptadienic acid， （9）euscaphic acid， （10）tormentic acid， （11）corosolic acid， （12）betulinic acid， and （13）maslinic acid， respectively， and the compounds No.2， No.6， No.7 and No.8 were isolated and identified from this plant for the first time. This study clarified the triterpenoid components in R. roxburghii leaves， and provided scientific basis for the development and utilization of R. roxburghii leaf resources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics